A narrative review on adhesives for composite modeling and stratification

Adhesive dentistry has significantly advanced, enhancing the bonding of composite materials to enamel and dentin. This review focuses on using adhesives as modeling agents in composite restorations, with particular attention to the M.A.P. (Modeling and Perfected Adhesion) technique. A literature review was performed using PubMed/MEDLINE, Dentistry & Oral Sciences Source, and Dialnet. Relevant studies on adhesive materials, bonding strategies, and composite modeling techniques were included. Adhesives used as modeling liquids improved bond strength, durability, and aesthetic outcomes. Hydrophobic adhesives better resisted water absorption and color stability than hydrophilic adhesives. The M.A.P. technique simplifies composite insertion, reducing working time and minimizing the need for extensive finishing. Hydrophobic adhesives provide superior long-term stability, while hydrophilic adhesives may face issues of solubility and discoloration. Selecting the right adhesive is critical for ensuring optimal restoration performance. The M.A.P. technique improves adhesive bonding efficiency, offering benefits like reduced working time, enhanced cohesive strength, and cost savings. However, limitations include compatibility issues with certain adhesives and potential water absorption.