The crisis of philosophy and pedagogy in the twentieth century

The article focuses on the negative impact of existentialism onWestern philosophy and pedagogy since the twentieth century. The key figures ofthis involutional phase of Western culture are Kierkegaard, Heidegger, Jaspers,Sartre e Camus. The Christian trend of essentialism, which sought a complexreconciliation with the Christian tradition through the figures of Marcel andBerdyaev, has not been forgotten.